Ten Years Younger references
 A selected list or references follows to support the concepts and details presented in Ten Years Younger. Printed as a word document, this will be about ten pages.
ADHERENCE TO DIETARY CHANGES
· Barnard ND et al. Factors that facilitate compliance to lower fat intake. Arch Fam Med 1995;4:153-8.
· Hunt JR et al. Physician recommendations for dietary change: their prevalence and impact in a population-based sample. Am J Public Health 1995;85:722-6.
· Jeffery RW, et al. Strengthening behavioral interventions for weight loss: a randomized trial of food provision and monetary incentives. J Consult Clin Psychol 1993;61:1038-45.
· Masley SC . Enhancing Dietary Compliance , Sept. 1998 issue of The Permanente Forum.
· Horvat KB et al. The new food label, type of fat, and consumer choices. Arch Family Med 1994;3:690-94.
AGING
· Goldberg RJ, et al. Factors associated with survival to 75 years of age in middle-aged men and women. Arch Int Med 1996;156:746-58.
· Kreisberg RA, Kasim S. Cholesterol metabolism and aging. Am J Med 1987;26:54-60.
· Masley SC. The 28-Day Antioxidant Diet Program. 1996. Vitality Books, St Petersburg, Florida.
· Olshansky SJ, et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21 st century. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1138-45.
· Preston SH. Deadweight?—The influence of obesity on longevity. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1135-7.
· Roizen MF. The RealAge Makeover. Harper Collins, New York, 2004.
· Trappe SW, et al. Aging among elite distance runners. J Appl Physiol 1996;80:285-90.
· Willett WC. Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy. The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating. New York: Simon & Schuster Source 2001.
ALCOHOL
· Berger K, et al. Light to moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of stroke among US male physicians. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1557-64.
· Cho E, et al. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:603-13.
· Fuhrman B, et al. Consumption of red wine with meals reduces the susceptibility of human plasma and low-density lipoprotein to lipid perioxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:549-54.
· Gronbaek M, et al. Type of alcohol consumed and mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease, and cancer. Ann Intern Med 2000;133:411-419.
· Klatsky AL et al. Alcohol and mortality. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:646-54.
· Levitan EB, et al. Association between consumption of beer, wine, and liquor and plasma concentration of high sensitivity-C-reactive protein in women aged 39-89 years. Am J Cardiol 2005;96:83-88.
· Meyer KA, et al. Alcohol consumption patterns and HbA1c, C-peptide, and insulin concentrations in men. J Am Coll Nutr 2003;22:185-94.
· Renaud S, DeLorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet;1992;339.1523-26.
· Reynolds K, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke. JAMA 2003;289:579-88.
· Rimm EB et al. Alcohol in the Mediterranean diet. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1378S-82S
· Saitz R. Unhealthy Alcohol Use. New England Journal Medicine 2005;352:596-07.
· Solomon CG, et al. Moderate alcohol consumption and risk of coronary heart disease among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation 2000;102:494-9.
· Thun MJ, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly US adults. 1997;337:1705-14.
ANTIOXIDANTS
· Block G, et al. Fruit, vegetables and cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer 1992;18:1-29.
· Byers T, Gue rrero N. Epidemiologic evidence for vitamin C and vitamin E in cancer prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62(S) 1385-92.
· Cao G, et al. Antioxidant capacity of tea and common vegetables. J Agric Food Chem 1966;4:3426-31.
· Diaz MN, et al. Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease. N Eng J Med 1997;337:408-16.
· Garner C, et al. Lycopene is more bioavailable form tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:116-22.
· Hertog MGL, et al. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet 1993;342:1007-11.
· Johnson LE. The emerging role of vitamins as antioxidants. Arch Fam Med 1994;3:809-16.
· Liu S, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease. The Women's Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:922-8.
· Meydani SN, et al. Antioxidants and immune response in aged persons. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;1462S-76S.
· Prior RL, et al. Antioxidant capacity as influenced by total phenolic and anthocyanin content, maturity, and variety of Vaccinium species. J Agric Food Chem 1998;46:2686-93.
· Tsang C, et al. The influence of moderate red wine consumption on antioxidant status and indices of oxidative stress associated with CHD in healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr 2005;93:233-40.
· Wang H, et al. Total antioxidant capacity of fruits. J Agric Food Chem 1996;44:701-5.
· Wang H, et al. Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of anthocyanins. J Agri Food Chem 1997;45:304-9.
BODY COMPOSITION
· Evans WJ. Effects of exercise on body composition and functional capacity of the elderly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1995;50:14-50.
· Irwin ML, et al. Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women. JAMA 2003;289:323-30.
· Janssen I et al. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:379-84.
· Rantanen T et al. Muscle strength and body mass index as long-term predictors of mortality in initially healthy men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55:168-73.
CALCIUM
· Aloia JF, et al. Calcium supplementation with and without HRT therapy to prevent postmenopausal bone loss. An Intern Med 1994;120:97-103.
· Cummings JH, et al. The effect of meat protein and dietary fiber on colonic function and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 1979;32:2086-93.
· Heaney RP, Weaver CM. Calcium absorption from kale. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;51:656-7.
· Heaney RP, et al. Soybean phytate content: effect on calcium absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:745-7.
· Matkovic V, et al. Urinary calcium, sodium, and bone mass of young females. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:417-25.
· Nordin BEC. Calcium requirement is a sliding scale. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1381-3.
· Remer T, Manz F. Estimation of the renal net acid excretion by adults consuming diets containing variable amounts of protein. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:1356-61.
· Ross EA, et al. Lead content of calcium supplements. JAMA 2000;284:1425-29.
· Weinsier RL, Krumdieck CL. Dairy foods and bone health: examination of the evidence. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:681-9.
CANCER
· Chao A, et al. Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer. JAMA 2005;293:172-182.
· Conaway CC, et al. Disposition of glucosinolates and sulforaphane in humans after ingestion of steamed and fresh broccoli. Nutr Cancer 2000;38:168-78.
· Gann PH, et al. Lower prostate cancer risk in men with elevated plasma lycopene levels. Cancer Research 1999;59:12225-30.
· Giovannucci E, et al. A prospective study of tomato products, lycopene, and prostate cancer risk. J Nat Cancer Institute 2002;94:391-8.
· Poynter JN, et al. Statins and risk of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2184-92.
· Sato R, et al. Prospective study of carotenoids, tocopherols, and retinoid concentrations and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer, Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2002;11:451-57.
· Willett WC. Diet and Cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;352:233-34.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
· Anderson JW, et al. Cardiovascular and renal benefits of dry bean and soybean intake. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:464S-74S.
· Barnard RJ, et al. Circulation 2002 ;106 :2530-32
· Boden WE, et al. Outcomes in patients with acute non-Q-wave myocardial infarction randomly assigned to an invasive as compared with conservative management strategy. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1785-92.
· Falk E. Why do plaques rupture? Circulation 1992;86:30-42.
· Forrester JS. Role of plaque rupture in acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol 2000;86:15-23
· Fujii K, et al. Intravascular ultrasound assessment of ulcerated ruptured plaques. Circulation 2003;108:2473-78.
· Gould KL et al. Changes in myocardial perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography after long-term, intense risk factor modification. JAMA 1995;274:894-901.
· Hu FB, Willett WC. Optimal diets for prevention of coronary heart disease. JAMA 2002;288:2569-2578. (Editorial response to authors by: Masley SC, et al. JAMA 2002:289.)
· Jenkins DJ, et al. JAMA 2003
· Joshipura KJ, et al. The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:1106-1114.
· Joshipura KJ, et al. Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and incidence of ischemic stroke. Stroke 2003;34:47-52.
· LaCroix AZ, et al. Does walking decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and death in older adults? JAGS 1996;44:113-20.
· Lopez-Miranda J, et al. J Lipid Res 1994;35:1965-75.
· Masley SC. Dietary Therapy for Preventing and Treating Coronary Artery Disease. American Family Physician 1998;57:1299-1301.
· Masley SC. Group office visits change dietary habits of patients with coronary artery disease. JFP 2001;50.
· Morgan SA, et al. A low-fat diet supplemented with monounsaturated fat results in less HDL-C lowering than a very-low-fat diet. J Am Diet Assoc 1997;97:151-156.
· Ordovas JM; Biochem Soc Trans 2001;30:68-73
· Ornish D, et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Lancet 1990;336:129-33.
· Ridker PM, et al. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Eng J Med 2000;342:836-43.
· Rimm EB et al. Alcohol in the Mediterranean diet. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1378S-82S
· Shephard RJ et al. Exercise as cardiovascular therapy. Circulation. 1999;99;963-72.
· Spiller GA et al. Effects of plant-based diets high in almonds on serum lipoproteins in humans. American College Nutrition 2003;22:195-200.
· Thun MJ et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly US adults. N Eng J Med 1997;337:1705-14.
· Vélez-Carrasco W et al. Dietary restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol decrease HDL ApoA-1 Secretion. Arterioscler Thromb Vascu Biol. 1999;19:918-24.
· Wan Y et al. Effects of cocoa powder and dark chocolate on LDL oxidative susceptibility and prostaglandin concentrations in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74596-602.
· Trappe SW et al. Aging among elite distance runners : a 22-year longitudinal study. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996;314:605-13.
· LaCroix AZ et al. Does walking decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and death in older adults? JAGS 1996;44:113-20.
· Manson JE et al. A prospective study of walking as compared with vigorous exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease in women. N Eng J Med 1999;341:650-8.
· Wessel TR et al. Relationship of physical fitness versus body mass index with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in women. JAMA 2004;292:1179-87.
· Williams RB. Psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease: More than one culprit at work.. JAMA 2003;290:1190-92.
· Willett WC, et al. Coffee consumption and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA 1996;275:458-62.
CHOCOLATE AND COCOA
· Denke, MA. Effects of cocoa butter on serum lipids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60(suppl):1014S-6S.
· Fraga CG. Cocoa, diabetes, and hypertension: should we eat more chocolate? Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:541-2.
· Grassi D et al. Short term administration of dark chocolate is followed by a significant increase in insulin sensitivity and a decrease in blood pressure in healthy persons. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:611-4.
· Hu FB, et al. Dietary saturated fats and their food sources in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease in women. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:1001-8.
· Rein D et al. Cocoa inhibits platelet activation and function. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:30-5.
· Sarafini M et al. Plasma antioxidants from chocolate. Nature 2003;424:28.
· Wan Y, et al. Effects of cocoa powder and dark chocolate on LDL oxidative susceptibility and prostaglandin concentrations in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:596-02.
CHOLESTEROL AND LIPIDS
· Barnard RJ. Effects of Life-style Modification on Serum Lipids. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:1389-94.
· Childs MT, et al. Effects of shellfish consumption on lipoproteins in normolipidemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;51:1020-7.
· De Oliveira e Silva ER, et al. Effects of shrimp consumption on plasma lipoproteins. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:712-7.
· Erdman JW, for the AHA Nutrition Committee. Soy Protein and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2000;102:2555-59.
· Frost. (Type of Glycemic Intake Impacts HDL levels) The Lancet 1999;353:1045
· Mormando RM. Lipid levels. Apply the second National Cholesterol Education Program report to geriatric medicine. Geriatrics 2000;55:48-53.
· Most MM, et al. Rice bran oil, not fiber, lowers cholesterol in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:64-8.
· Shai I et al. Multivariate Assessment of lipid parameters as predictors of coronary heart disease among postmenopausal women. Circulation 2004;110:2824-2830.
· Spiller GA et al. Effects of plant-based diets high in almonds on serum lipoproteins in humans. American College Nutrition 2003;22:195-200.
· Vélez-Carrasco W et al. Dietary restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol decrease HDL ApoA-1 Secretion. Arterioscler Thromb Vascu Biol. 1999;19:918-24.
· Visich PS, et al. Effects of exercise with varying energy expenditure on HDL cholesterol. Eur J Appl Physiol 1996;72:242-8.
· Williams PT. HDL cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1298-303.
COGNITIVE FUNCTION
· Berr, C. Oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2002;6:261-6.
· Greenwood CE. Dietary carbohydrate, glucose regulation, and cognitive performance in elderly persons. Nutrition Reviews. 2003;61:S68-S74.
· Martin A, et al. Effects of fruits and vegetable on levels of vitamins E and C in the brain and their association with cognitive performance. J Nutr Health Aging 2002;6:392-404.
· Morris MC, et al. Dietary fat intake and 6-year cognitive change in an older biracial community population. Neurology; 2004:62:1573-9.
· Morris MC, et al. Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study. JAMA 2002;287:3230-7.
· Murialdo G, et al. Relationships between cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and insulin-like growth factor 1 system in dementia. J Endocrinol Invest 2001;24:139-46.
· Perlmutter D, Colman C. The Better Brain Book. Riverhead Books, a member of Penguin Group, New York, 2004.
· Petersen RC, et al. Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1-10.
· Rasmusson S, et al. Increased glucocorticoid production and altered cortisol metabolism in women with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:547-52.
· Weiner, MF, et al. Cortisol secretion and Alzheimer's disease progression. Biol Psychiatry 1997;42:1030-8.
· Williams P, Lord SR. Effects of group exercise on cognitive functioning and mood in older women. Aust NZ J Public Health 1997;21:45-52.
DETOXIFICATION
· Bjarnason I, et al. Intestinal permeability and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1984:Nov 24:1171-74.
· Bland JS, Benum S. The 20-Day Rejuvenation Diet Program. Keats Publishing, Inc. 1997.
· Bland JS, et al. A medical food-supplemented detoxification program in the management of chronic health problems. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 1995:6:62-71
· Pizzorno JE et al. Detoxification: A naturopathic perspective. Nat Med J 1998;1:6-7.
· Rajput AH. Environmental t oxins accelerate Parkinson's disease onset. Neurology 2001;56:4-5.
· Stephenson J. Exposure to home pesticides linked to Parkinson disease. JAMA 2000;283:3055-6.
EXERCISE
· Gillick M. Pinning down frailty. J Gerontol Med Sci. 2001;56A:M134-35
· Gregg EW et al. Relationship of walking to mortality among US adults with diabetes. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1440-42
· Hakim AA et al. Effects of walking on mortality among nonsmoking retired men. N Engl J Med 1998;338:94-9.
· Hu FB, et al. Walking compared with vigorous physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. JAMA 1999;282:1433-39.
· Kushi LH et al. Physical activity and mortality in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1997;277:1287-92.
· LaCroix AZ et al. Does walking decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and death in older adults? JAGS 1996;44:113-20.
· Manson JE, et al. A prospective study of waking as compared with vigorous exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 1999;341:650-8.
· Myers J, et al. Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med 2002;346:793-801.
· Nelson M. Strong Women Stay Young. New York: Bantam, 2000.
· Paffenbarger R et al. Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. N Engl J Med 1986;314:605-13.
· Seguin R, Nelson ME. The benefits of strength training for older adults. Am J Prev Med 2003;25:141-9.
· Trappe SW et al. Aging among elite distance runners : a 22-year longitudinal study. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996;314:605-13.
· Visser M et al. Leg muscle mass and composition in relation to lower extremity performance in men and women age 70-79: the health, aging and body composition study. J Am Geriat Soc. 2002;50-897-904
· Watkins LL et al. Effects of exercise and weight loss on cardiac risk factors associated with syndrome X. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1889-95
· Wessel TR, et al. Relationship of physical fitness vs body mass index with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in women. JAMA 2004;292:1179-1187.
· Wing, RR Ann Rev Nutr 2001;21:323.
ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION (BLOOD VESSEL FUNCTION)
· Fuentes F, et al. Mediterranean and low-fat diets improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic men. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:1115-1119.
· Hambrecht R et al. Effect of exercise on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2000;342:454-60.
· Tomaino RM et al. High-fat meals and endothelial function. Nutrition Reviews 1998;56:182-85.
· Ziccardi P, et al. Reduction of inflammatory cytokine concentrations and improvement of endothelial functions in obese women after weight loss over one year. Circulation 2002;105:804-09.
FATS (DIETARY)
· Abbasi F, et al. High carbohydrate diets, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and coronary heart disease risk. Am J Cardiol 2000;85:45-8.
· Byers T. Hardened fats, hardened arteries? N Engl J Med; 1997;337:1544-45.
· Garg A. High monounsaturated fat diets for patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;67:577S-82S.
· Hu FB, et al. Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1491-9.
· Hu FB. The Mediterranean diet and mortality. Olive oil and Beyond. N Engl J Med 2003;108:1554-9.
· Judd JT, et al. Effects of margarine compared with those of butter on blood lipid profiles related to cardiovascular disease risk factors in normolipemic adults fed controlled diets. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:768-77.
· King IB, et al. Serum trans-fatty acids are associated with risk of prostate cancer in beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14:988-92.
· Kris-Etherton PM, et al. High-monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:1009-15.
· Kris-Etherton PM, et al. Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62 S
· Kromhout D et al. Saturated fat, vitamin c and smoking predict long-term population all-cause morality rates in the Seven Countries Study. Int J Epi 2000;29:260-265.
· Larsen LF et al. Are olive oil diets antithrombotic? Diets enriched with olive, rapeseed, or sunflower oil affect postprandial factor Vii differently. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:976-82.
· Lopez-Garcia E, et al. Consumption trans fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. J Nutr 2005;135:662-6.
· Renaud S, et al. Cretan Mediterranean diet for prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1360S-7.
· Yaqoob P, et al. Effect of olive oil on immune function in meddle-aged men. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;67:129-35.
FIBER
· Anderson JW. Whole grains and coronary heart disease: the whole kernel of truth. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:1459-60.
· Anderson JW, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium intake adjunctive to diet therapy in men and women with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:472-9.
· Anderson JW, et al. Hypocholesterolemic effects of oat and bean products. Am J Clin Nutr 1988;48:749-53.
· Chandalia M, et al. Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Eng J Med 2000;342:1392.
· Jenkins DJ et al. Viscous and nonviscous fibres, nonabsorbable and low glycaemic index carbohydrates, blood lipids and coronary heart disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 2000;11:49-56
· Joshipura KJ, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake in relation to risk of ischemic stroke. JAMA 1999;282:1233-1239.
· Joshipura KJ, et al. The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:1106-14.
· Liu S, et al. Whole grain consumption and risk of ischemic stroke in women. JAMA 2000;284;1534-40.
· Mozaffarian D, et al. Cereal, fruit, and vegetable fiber intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly individuals. JAMA 2003;289:1659-1666.
· Salmeron J, et al. Dietary fiber, Glycemic load, and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. JAMA 1997;277:472-77.
· Vuksan V et al. Konjac-mannan improves glycemia and associated risk factors for coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999;22:913-919.
· Vuksan V et al. Beneficial effects of viscous dietary fiber from Konjac-mannan in subjects with the insulin resistance syndrome: results of a controlled metabolic trial. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:9-14.
· Vuksan V et al. Konjac-mannan and American ginseng: emerging alternative therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Nutr 2001;20(5):370S-383S.
· Wu H, et al. Dietary fiber and progression of atherosclerosis: the Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:1085-91.
FLAX SEED
· Bloedon LT, Szapary PO. Flaxseed and cardiovascular risk. Nutrition Reviews 2004;62:18-27.
· Cunnane SC, et al. Nutritional attributes of traditional flaxseed in healthy young adults. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;61:62-8.
· Ferrier LK, et al. Alpha linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid enriched eggs from hens fed flaxseed: influence on blood lipids and platelet phospholipids fatty acids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:81-6.
· Mantzioris E, et al. Dietary substitution with an alpha linolenic acid rich vegetable oil increases eicosapantaenoic acid concentrations in tissues. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:1304-9.
GARLIC
· Berthold HK, et al. Effect of a garlic oil preparation on serum lipoproteins and cholesterol metabolism (Deodorized Garlic) JAMA 1998;279:1900-02.
· Srivastava KC, et al. Effects of a garlic-derived principle on aggregation and arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 1993;49:587-595.
· Steiner M, et al. A double-blind crossover study in moderately hypercholesterolemic men that compared the effect of aged garlic extract and placebo administration on blood lipids. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:866-70.
GLYCEMIC LOAD (GLYCEMIC INDEX)
· Anderson GH, Woodend D. Effect of Glycemic carbohydrates on short-term satiety and food intake. Nutrition Reviews 2003;61:S17-S26.
· Brand-Miller JC, et al. The New Glucose Revolution. Marlowe & Company, New York. 2003
· Brand Miller. JC, et al. Glycemic index and obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:281S-85S.
· Brand-Miller JC, et al. Glycemic load and chronic disease. Nutrition Reviews 2003;61:S49-S55.
· Bruce WR, et al. Mechanisms linking diet and colorectal cancer. Nutrition and Cancer 2000;37:19-26.
· Frost G. Glycaemic index as a determinant of serum HDL-cholesterol concentration . Lancet 1999;353:1045
· Giacco R, et al. Long-term dietary treatment with increased amounts of fibre-rich low-glycemic index natural foods improves blood glucose control and reduces the number of hypoglycemic events in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1461-66.
· Salmeron J et al. Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes in women. JAMA 1997;277:472-77.
· Saris WHM. Glycemic Carbohydrate and body weight regulation. Nutrition Reviews 2003;61:S10-S16.
· Willett et al. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:274S-80S.
· Wolever TMS. The glycemic index. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1990;62:120-185.
HOMOCYSTEINE (and FOLIC ACID)
· Budge M, et al. Plasma total homocysteine and cognitive performance in a volunteer elderly population. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;May 20:407-10.
· Chait A, et al. Increased dietary micronutrients decrease serum homocysteine concentrations inpatients at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
· Nurk E, et al. Plasma total homocysteine and hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease. Arch Inter Med 2002;162:1374-81.
· Pancharuniti N, et al. Plasma homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-12 concentrations and risk for early-onset coronary artery disease. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:940-8.
· Ravaglia G, et al. Homocysteine and cognitive function in healthy elderly community dwellers in Italy. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:668-73.
· Sato Y, et al. Effect of folate and mecobalamin on hip fractures; inpatients with stroke. JAMA 2005;293:1082-88.
· Schnyder G, et al. Effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 on clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention. JAMA 2002;288:973-79.
· Selhub J, et al. Association between plasma homocysteine concentrations and extracranial carotid artery stenosis. N Eng J Med 1995;332-:286-91.
· Seshadri S, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 2002;346:476-83.
· Weir DG, Molloy AN. Microvascular disease and dementia in the elderly: are they related to hyperhomocysteinemia? Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:859-60.
· Welch GN, Loscalzo J. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1042-50.
INFLAMMATION
· Belluzzi A, et al. Effect of an enteric coated fish oil preparation on relapses in Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1557-60.
· Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Eng J Med 2005; 352:1685-95.
· Ridker PM et al. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Eng J Med 2000;342:836-43.
· Ridker PM. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk. Am Heart J 2004;148:S19-26.
· Wallace JM. Nutritional and botanical
LOW-CARB DIETS
· Astrup A, et al. Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: hoax or an effective tool for weight loss? The Lancet 2004;364:897-99.
· Aude YW, et al. The national cholesterol education program diet vs a diet lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and monounsaturated fat. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2141-46.
· Brehm BJ, et al. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:1617-23.
· Burros M. Make that steak a bit smaller, Atkins advises today's dieters. New York Times. January 18, 2004.
· Fleming RM. Prev Cardiol 2002;5(3):110-118.
· Foster GD, et al. Randomized trial of a low-carb diet for obesity. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2082-90.
· Samaha FF, et al. A Low-carb as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2074-87.
· Stern L, et al. The effects of low-carb versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: One-year follow up of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:778-785.
· Willi SM, et al. The effects of a high-protein, low-fat ketogenic diet on adolescents with morbid obesity: body composition, blood chemistries, and sleep abnormalities. Pediatrics 1998;101:61-7.
MERCURY
· Chan H M, Egeland GM. Fish consumption, mercury exposure, and heart disease. Nutrition Reviews 2004;62:68-72.
· Guallar E et al. Mercury, fish oils, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1747-54.
· Hyman MH. The impact of mercury on human health and the environment. Alternative Therapies;2004;10:70-74.
METABOLIC SYNDROME AND DIABETES
· Eckel RH, et al. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet 2005;365:1415-28.
· Furberg AS, et al. Metabolic and hormonal profiles: HDL cholesterol as a plausible biomarker of breast cancer risk. The Norwegian EBBA Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14:33-40.
· Henry FI, et al. The metabolic syndrome, cardiopulmonary fitness, and subcutaneous trunk fat as independent determinants of arterial stiffness: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:875-82.
· Laukkanen JA, et al. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of prostate cancer in Finnish men: a population based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:1646-50.
· Meyer KA, et al. Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:921-30.
· Ness KK, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in relation to self-reported cancer history. Ann Epidemiol 2005;15:202-6.
· Orchard TJ, et al. The effect of Metformin and intensive lifestyle intervention on the metabolic syndrome: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial. Ann Inter Med 2005;142:611-9.
· Reaven GM. Metabolic syndrome: pathophysiology and implications for management of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002;106:286-8.
· Reaven GM. Diet and Syndrome X. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2000;2:503-7.
· Spies C, et al. Association of metabolic syndrome with exercise capacity and heart rate recovery in patients with coronary heart disease in the heart and soul study. Am J Cardiol 2005;95:1175-9.
· Weinstein AR et al. Relationship of physical activity versus body mass index with type 2 diabetes in women. JAMA 2004;292:1188-94.
NUTS
· Dreher ML, et al. The traditional and emerging role of nuts in healthful diets. Nutrition Reviews 1996;54:241-5.
· Fraser GE et al. A possible protective Effect of nut consumption on risk of coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:1416-1424.
· Hu FB et al. Frequent nut consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in women. BMJ 1998;317:1341-5.
· Jenkins DFA et al. Dose response of almonds on coronary heart disease risk factors. Circulation 2002;106:1327-32.
· Kris-Etherton PM et al. The effects of nuts on coronary heart disease risk. Nutrition Reviews 2001;59:103-111.
· Sabaté J et al. Effects of walnuts on serum lipid level and blood pressure in normal men. N Engl J Med 1993;328:603-7.
· Spiller GA et al. Effects of plant-based diets high in raw or roasted almonds, or roasted almond butter on serum lipoproteins in humans. J Am Coll Nutr 2003;22:195-200.
OMEGA-3 FATS (FISH OIL)
· Ascherio A et al. Dietary intake of marine n-3 fatty acids, fish intake, and the risk of coronary disease among men. N Engl J Med 1995;332:977-82.
· Belluzzi A, et al. Effect of an enteric-coated fish oil preparation on relapses in Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1557-60.
· Covington MB. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. AFP 2004;70:133-40.
· Darlington LG et al. Review of dietary therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. British J Rheum. 1993;32:507-14
· De Lorgeril M, et al. Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994;343:1454-59.
· GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators. (Vitamin E and fish oil for cardiovascular disease.) Lancet 1999;354:471
· Hu FB, et al. Fish and omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease in women. JAMA 2002;287:1815-21.
· Hu FB, et al. Dietary intake of alpha linolenic acid and risk of fatal ischemic heart disease among women. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:890-7.
· Mischoulon D, Fava M. Docosahexanoic acid and omega-3 fatty acids in depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2000;23:785-94.
· Mori TA et al. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress in humans. Redox Report 2000;5:45-6
· Sanders TAB et al. Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Arteriosclerosis 1985;5:459-65.
· Simopoulos AP. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids. Biomed Pharmacother 2002;56:365-79.
· Vannice G, Kelly J. Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular health.
· Vessby B, et al. Effect of dietary fat on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Diabetologia 1999;42:A46.
· Wainwright PE. Nutrition and behaviour: the role of n-3 fatty acids in cognitive function. Br J Nutr 2000;83:337-39.
OSTEOPOROSIS
· Anderson JJB. The important role of physical activity in skeletal development: how exercise may counter low calcium intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1384-6.
· Genaro P de S, Maartini LA. Vitamin A supplementation and risk of skeletal fracture. Nutrition Reviews 2004;62:65-67.
· Sato Y et al. Effect of folate and mecobalamin on hip fractures in patients with stroke. JAMA 2005;293:1082-88.
· Vannice G, Kelly J. Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular health.
· De Souza Genaro P et al. Vitamin A supplementation and risk of skeletal fracture. Nutrition Reviews;2004;62:65-72.
OXIDATIVE STRESS
· Franzoni F, et al. Physical activity, plasma antioxidant capacity, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in young and older men. Am J Hypertens 2005;18:510-6.
· Furukawa S, et al. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1752-61.
· Ginseng GS, et al. Effects of a single bout of ultra-endurance exercise on lipid levels and susceptibility of lipids to peroxidation in triathletes. JAMA 1996;276:221-225.
· Piroddi GF, et al. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species. Contrib Nephrol 2005;149:240-60.
· Serrano F, Klann E. Reactive oxygen species and synaptic plasticity in the aging hippocampus. Ageing Res Rev 2004;3:431-43.
· Sullivan PG, Brown MR. Mitochondrial aging and dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neuropyschopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2005;29:407-10.
· Taylor A, et al. Relations among aging, antioxidant status, and cataract. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:143947.
· Wang J, et al. Increased oxidative damage in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2005;93:953-62.
PROTEIN INTAKE
· Knight EL et al. The impact of protein intake on renal function decline in women with normal renal function or mild renal insufficiency. Ann Int Med 2003;138:460-7.
SARCOPENIA
· Kamel HK. Sarcopenia and Aging. Nutrition Reviews 2003;61:157-67.
· Marcell TJ. Sarcopenia: Causes, Consequences, & Preventions. J Gerontology 2003;58A:911-916.
· Roubenoff R. Sarcopenia: Effects on Body composition and function. J Gerontology 2003;58A:1012-17.
SKIN CARE
· Bauman L. Cosmetic dermatology, principles and practice. The McGraw-Hill Company 2002.
· Berardesca E et al. Alpha hydroxy acids modulate stratum corneum barrier function. Br J Dermatol 1997;137:934.
· Brincat M, et al. Skin Collagen Changes in Postmenopausal Women Receiving Different Regimens of Estrogen Therapy. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70: 123-27.
· Cesarini JP et al. Immediate effects of UV radiation on the skin: modification by an antioxidant complex containing carotenoids. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2003;4:182.
· Darr D et al. Topical vitamin C protects porcine skin from ultraviolet radiation-induced damage. Br J Dermatol 1992;127:247.
· Draelos Z. Hydroxy acids for the treatment of aging skin. J Geriatr Dermatol 1997;5:236.
· Dunn LB, et al. Does Estrogen Prevent Skin Aging? Results From the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I). Arch Dermatol1997; March(133): 339-42
· Eberlein-Konig B, Ring J. Relevance of vitamins C and E in cutaneous photoprotection. J Cosmetic Dermatology 2005;4:1473-65.
· Elmets CA et al. Cutaneous photoprotection from ultraviolet injury by green tea polyphenols. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:425.
· Katiyar SK et al. Green tea and skin. Arch Dermatol 2000;136:989.
· Keller et al. Uses of vitamins A, C, and E and related compounds in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:611.
· Kligman AM. The growing importance of topical retinoids in clinical dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:S2.
· Packer L et al. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radic Biol Med 1995;19:227.
· Podda M et al. Kinetic study of cutaneous and subcutaneous distribution following topical application of alpha-lipoic acid onto hairless mice. Biochem Pharmacol 1996;52:627.
· Saija A, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of caffeic and ferulic acids as topical photoprotective agents. In J Pharm 2000;199:39-47.
· Schmidt J, et al. Treatment of skin aging with topical estrogens. Int J Dermatol 1996; 35: 669-74.
· Tzingounis V, et al. The significance of oestriol in the management of the post-menopause. Acta Endocrinologica 1980, Suppl. 233:45-50.
· Uitto J. Understanding premature skin aging. N Eng J Med 1997;337:1463.
SOY PRODUCTS
· Baird DD, et al. Dietary intervention study to assess estrogenicity of dietary soy among postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:1685-90.
· Baum JA, et al. Long-term intake of soy protein improves blood lipid profiles and increases mononuclear cell LDL receptor messenger RNA in hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:545-51.
· Bhathena SJ, et al. Beneficial role of dietary phytoestrogens in obesity and diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:1191-1201.
· Erdman JW, for the AHA Nutrition Committee. Soy Protein and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2000;102:2555-59.
· Messina M, et al. Provisional recommended soy protein and isoflavones intakes for health adults. Nutr Today 2003;38:100-9.
· Murkies AL, et al. Dietary flour supplementation decreases post-menopausal hot flushes: Effect of soy and wheat. Maturitas 1995;21:189-95.
· Potter SM. Soy protein and cardiovascular disease: The impact of bioactive components in soy. Nutrition Reviews 1998;56:231-35.
· Young VR. Soy protein in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition. J Am Diet Assoc. 1991;91:828-35.
STRESS MANAGEMENT
· Ayas NT, et al. A prospective study of sleep duration and coronary heart disease in women. Archives of Internal Medicine 2003;163:205-9.
· Castillo-Richmond A et al. Effects of stress reduction on carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive African Americans. Stroke 2000;31:568-73.
· Elzinga BM, Roelofs K. Cortisol-induced impairments of working memory require acute sympathetic activation. Behav Neurosci 2005;119:98-103.
· Lillberg K, et al. Stressful life events and risk of breast cancer in 10,808 women. Am J Epi 2003;24:113-9.
· Traustadottir T, et al. The HPA axis response to stress in women: effects of aging and fitness. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005;30:392-402.
· Williams RB, et al. Psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease; more than one culprit at work. JAMA 2003;290:2190-92.
SUPPLEMENTS
Alpha Lipoic acid
· Basts A, et al. Lipoic acid: A multifunctional antioxidant. Biofactors 2003;17:207-13.
· Jacob S, et al. Oral administration of RAC-alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;27:309-14.
· Packer L, et al. Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant lipoic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 1997;22:357-78.
· Relijanovic M, et al. Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant alpha lipoic acid. Free Radic Res 1999;31:171:79.
Magnesium
· Lima ML, et al. The effect of magnesium supplementation in increasing doses on the control of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:682-86.
Ginger, Ginkgo biloba, & Ginseng
· Schulick P. Ginger: Common spice and wonder drug. Herbal Free Press Ltd. 1994.
· Kiefer D et al. Panax ginseng. Am Fam Physician 2003;68:1539-42.
Glucosamine
· Christgau S, Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2004 Jan-Feb;22(1):36-42.
· Pavelka K, et al. Glucosamine sulfate use and delay of progression of knee osteoarthritis. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2113-23.
· Reginster JY, et al. Long-term effects of glucosamine sulphate on osteoarthritis progression. Lancet 2001;357:251-5.
· Scroggie DA, et al. The effect of glucosamine-chondroitin supplementation on glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1587-1590.
Phosphatidylserine
· Crook TH, et al. Effects of phosphatidylserine in aged-associated memory impairment. Neurology 1991;41(5):644-49.
· Jorrisen BL, et al. The influence of soy-derived phosphatidylserine on cognition in age-associated memory impairment. Nutr Neurosci. 2001;4(2):121-34.
· Jorrisen BL, et al. Safety of soy-derived phosphatidylserine in elderly people.
Nutr Neurosci. 2002 Oct;5(5):337-43.
Co Enzyme Q-10
· Backes JM, Howard PA. Association of HMG-Co reductase inhibitors with neuropathy. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37:274-78.
· Matthews RT, et al. Coenzyme Q10 administration increases brain mitochondrial concentrations and exerts neuroprotective effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 ;95(15):8802-7
· Schults CV, et al. Absorption, tolerability and effects on mitochondrial activity of oral coenzyme Q10 in Parkinsonian patients. Neurology 1998;50:793-95.
· Schults CV, et al. Effects of coenzyme Q10 in early Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 2002;59:1541-50.
Resveratrol
· Freemont L. Biological effects of resveratrol. Life Sci 2000;66(8):663-73.
· Kim YA, et al. Antiproliferative effect of Resveratrol in human prostate carcinoma cells. J Med Food 2003;6(4):273-80.
Saw Palmetto
· Gordon AE, Shaughnessy AF. Saw palmetto for prostate disorders. Am Fam Physician 2003;67:1281-3.
Vitamin D
· Chapuy MC, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1637-42.
· Garland CF, et al. Can colon cancer incidence and death rates be reduced with calcium and vitamin D? Am J Clin Nutr 1991;54:193S-203S.
· Hayes C, et al. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1997;216:21.
· Holick MF, Jenkins M. The UV Advantage, I-books: New York 2004.
· Holick MF. Vitamin D: Importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:362-71.
· Holick, MF. The sunlight ‘D'ilemma: risk of skin cancer or bone disease and muscle weakness. Lancet 2001;358:1500-03.
· Luscombe CJ, et al. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation: association with susceptibility and age at presentation with prostate cancer. Lancet 2001;358:641-2.
· Malabanan A, et al. Redefining vitamin D deficiency. Lancet 1998;351:805-6.
· Merlino, et al. Vitamin D intake is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Iowa Women's Health Study. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2004;50:72.
Vitamin E
· Cheung MC, et al. Antioxidant supplements block the response of HDL to simvastatin-niacin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease and low HDL. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;8:1320-6.
· The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Eng J Med 2000;342:154-60.
· The HOPE trial Investigators. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer. JAMA 2005;293:1338-47.
· The Hope and Hope-Too Trial Investigators. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer. JAMA 2005;293:1338-47.
· Schnell JW, et al. Effects of a high polyunsaturated fat diet and vitamin E supplementation on HDL lipoprotein oxidation in humans. Atherosclerosis 2001;159:459-66.
· Wander CW, et al. Effects of interaction of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and fish oil on LDL oxidation in postmenopausal women with or without HRT. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:184-93.
TEA
· Ahmed N, et al. Green tea polyphenols and cancer: biologic mechanisms and practical implications Nutr Rev 1999;57:78-83.
· Bell SJ, et al. A functional food product for the management of weight. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2002;42:163-78.
· Geleijnse JM, et al. Inverse association of tea and flavonoid intakes with incident myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:880-6.
· Ishikawa T, et al. Effect of tea flavonoid supplementation on the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein to oxidative modification. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:261-6.
· Weinreb O, et al. Neurological mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2004;15:506-16.
TREADMILL TESTING
· Aktas MK. Global risk scores and exercise testing for predicting all-cause mortality in a preventive medicine program. JAMA. 2004 Sep 22;292(12):1462-8.
· Cole CR, et al. Heart rate recovery after submaximal exercise testing as a predictor of mortality in a cardiovascularly healthy cohort. An Inter Med 2000;132:552-555.
· Jouven X et al. Heart-rate profile during exercise as a predictor of sudden death. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1951—8.
· Hawkins SA, et al. A longitudinal assessment of change in V0 2 max and maximal heart rate in master athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:1744-50.
· Mora S et al. Ability of exercise testing to predict cardiovascular and all cause death in asymptomatic women. JAMA 2003;290:1600-07.
· Vivekananthan DP et al. Heart rate recovery after exercise is a predictor of mortality, independent of the angiographic severity of coronary disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Sep 3;42(5):831-8.
WEIGHT CONTROL
· Dansinger ML et al, Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2005;293(1):43-53.
· Donnelly JE, et al. Effects of a 16-month randomized controlled exercise trial on body weight and composition in young, overweight, men and women. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1343-50.
· Ewbank PP et al. Physical activity as a predictor of weight maintenance in previously obese subjects. Obesity Research 1995;3:257-62.
· Himaya A, et al. Satiety power of dietary fat: a new appraisal. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65:1410-8.
· Irwin ML, et al. Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women. JAMA 2003;289:323-30.
· Rolls B et al. Salad and Satiety: Do portion size and energy density of a first course affect lunch intake? NAASO Annual Meeting 2003: Abstract 89-OR; A22
· Halton TL, Hu FB. The effects of high protein diets on thermogensis, satiety, and weight loss. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23:373-83.
· Holt SHA et al. A satiety index of common foods. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1995;49:675-90
· Nielsen SJ, Popkin BM. Patterns and trends in food portion sizes, 1977-1998. JAMA 2003;289:450-453
· Rolls BJ, et al. What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and weight management? Nutrition Reviews 2004;62:1-17.
· Skender ML, et al. Comparison of 2-year weight loss trends in behavioral treatments of obesity: diet, exercise, and combination interventions. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:342-46.
· Slentz CA, et al. Effects of the amount of exercise on body weight, body composition, and measures of central obesity. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:31-39.
· St-Onge, M-P. Dietary fats, teas, dairy and nuts: potential functional foods for weight control? Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:7-15.
· Toth MJ, Poehlman ET. Effects of exercise on daily energy expenditure. Nutrition Reviews 1996;54:S140-S148.
· Wien MA et al. Almonds versus complex carbohydrates in a weight reduction program. J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;11:1365-72.
· Willett WC. Dietary fat and obesity: an unconvincing relation. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:1149-50.
· Wing, RR Ann Rev Nutr 2001;21:323.
· Zemel MB, Miller SL. Dietary calcium and dairy modulation of adiposity and obesity risk. Nutrition Reviews;2004;62:125-31.
YOGURT
· Bornet FRJ, et al Immune-stimulating and gut health-promoting properties of short-chain fructo-oligosaccarhides. Nutr Rev 2002;60:326-34.
· Druggan C, et al. Protective nutrients and functional foods for the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:789-808.
· Fortes C, et al. Diet and overall survival in a cohort of very elderly people. Epidemiol 2000;11:440-5.
· Saavedra JM. Clinical applications of probiotic agents. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:1147S-51S
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